markers for breast cancer

Release time ：Nov-11,2024

Breast cancer biomarkers are specific proteins or other molecules found in the blood or other body fluids, whose presence may signal the development or recurrence of breast cancer. While these biomarkers assist physicians in evaluating a patient's condition and response to treatment, they are not sufficient for a standalone breast cancer diagnosis. Typically, they are interpreted alongside other test results and clinical findings for a comprehensive assessment.

Common breast cancer biomarkers include CA 15-3, CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen), and CA 27.29. CA 15-3 is a glycoprotein that is more highly expressed on the surface of breast cancer cells, though it can also be found in normal breast tissue and some benign conditions. CEA is a broad-spectrum tumor marker that is elevated not only in breast cancer but also in various other malignancies, including colon and lung cancers. CA 27.29 is a biomarker with a higher specificity for breast cancer, showing a higher positive rate among breast cancer patients, yet it is not exclusive and can also be positive in other types of cancer.

Beyond these, other biomarkers such as HER2, ER (estrogen receptor), and PR (progesterone receptor) are crucial for guiding treatment options in breast cancer. For instance, patients with HER2-positive breast cancer may be candidates for HER2-targeted therapies, while those with positive ER and PR status may benefit from endocrine therapy.

It is important to recognize that the results of breast cancer biomarker tests can be influenced by several factors, including the patient's age, gender, tumor histology, and stage. Thus, when interpreting breast cancer biomarker test results, they should be considered in the context of the patient's clinical information and other diagnostic findings. Patients who detect an abnormal increase in breast cancer biomarkers during a health check should seek medical attention without delay and proceed with further examinations and treatments under the direction of a healthcare provider.