histologic grading of breast cancer

Release time ：Nov-07,2024

Histological grading of breast cancer is a medical approach to evaluate the malignancy of tumor cells, reflecting how closely they resemble normal cells and their capacity for growth and spread. This grading system typically categorizes tumors into three levels: G1, G2, and G3. G1 signifies that the tumor cells closely resemble normal cells and exhibit the lowest level of malignancy, whereas G3 indicates a significant deviation from normal cells and the highest level of malignancy.

G1 tumors have a morphology and growth pattern that closely resemble normal cells, with relatively uniform nuclei sizes and fewer mitotic figures, often leading to a more favorable prognosis. G2 tumors show a moderate degree of abnormality in their morphology and growth pattern, with varying nuclei sizes and an increased number of mitotic figures, resulting in a less favorable prognosis compared to G1. G3 tumors, on the other hand, display a marked difference in morphology and growth pattern from normal cells, with highly irregular nuclei sizes and a high frequency of mitotic figures, which generally indicate a poor prognosis.

Women should perform regular self-examinations of their breasts and undergo at least annual breast ultrasound or mammography. If symptoms such as abnormal breast lumps, skin dimpling, or nipple discharge are detected, prompt medical attention is advised. For those diagnosed with breast cancer, it is crucial to actively engage in treatment recommended by healthcare professionals, which may include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Maintaining a positive attitude and healthy dietary habits can significantly contribute to improved treatment outcomes and overall quality of life.