case study of breast cancer

Release time ：Dec-26,2024

Breast cancer is a prevalent malignant tumor with an increasing incidence rate worldwide. Early detection and intervention are essential for enhancing patient survival rates. The etiology of breast cancer is multifaceted, encompassing genetic factors, lifestyle choices, and environmental influences. Genetic predisposition is a significant contributor to the disease, with women having a family history of breast cancer facing a notably higher risk compared to the general population. Additionally, unhealthy lifestyle habits such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and a sedentary lifestyle can also elevate the risk of developing breast cancer. Environmental factors, including prolonged exposure to certain chemicals, may be linked to the onset of breast cancer.

The clinical presentation of breast cancer is varied, with the most frequent symptom being a lump in the breast. Other symptoms include nipple discharge, changes in skin appearance, and pain. Diagnostic approaches for breast cancer primarily involve imaging and pathological examinations. Imaging techniques such as breast ultrasound and mammography (using a molybdenum target) can identify abnormal structures within the breast. Pathological examination involves the microscopic analysis of breast tissue samples to ascertain the presence of malignant cells.

Treatment for breast cancer typically employs a multimodal strategy that includes surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and endocrine therapy. Surgery is the principal treatment method for breast cancer, with options ranging from breast-conserving surgery to total mastectomy depending on the patient's condition. Radiotherapy is mainly utilized to minimize the risk of local recurrence. Chemotherapy targets the destruction of cancer cells throughout the body. Endocrine therapy is specifically tailored for patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Throughout the treatment process, patients are advised to closely monitor their health and adhere to the physician's guidance for standardized treatment protocols. Additionally, maintaining healthy lifestyle practices such as abstaining from smoking and alcohol, maintaining a balanced diet, and engaging in regular physical activity can significantly contribute to improved treatment outcomes and overall quality of life.