breast cancer graphics

Release time ：Dec-21,2024

Breast cancer is a prevalent malignant tumor with an increasing incidence rate worldwide. Early detection and intervention are vital for enhancing patient survival rates. The diagnosis of breast cancer typically involves a combination of diagnostic tests, including mammography (mammogram), ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and biopsy.

Mammography is the most frequently utilized method for breast cancer screening, capable of identifying minute calcifications and masses that may indicate early-stage breast cancer. However, it has limitations, such as reduced sensitivity in dense breast tissue common in younger women, potentially leading to false-negative outcomes. Additionally, mammography carries a small but noteworthy risk of radiation exposure.

Ultrasound is a non-invasive, radiation-free diagnostic technique with high sensitivity and specificity for detecting breast masses. It can differentiate between cystic and solid masses, aiding in the assessment of mass characteristics. Nevertheless, ultrasound has its drawbacks, including lower sensitivity to minor calcifications and a dependency on the skill level of the operator.

MRI is a high-resolution imaging modality with high sensitivity for detecting breast cancer. It provides multi-planar, multi-sequence imaging, facilitating the evaluation of tumor size, shape, and vascularity. Despite its advantages, MRI has its constraints, such as high costs, complexity in operation, and certain patient limitations, including claustrophobia and the presence of metallic implants.

Biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing breast cancer, allowing for the procurement of tumor tissue samples through either needle biopsy or surgical excision for pathological examination to ascertain tumor characteristics. Although more invasive, biopsy offers direct visualization of tumor cell morphology and structure, playing a crucial role in confirming breast cancer.

In conclusion, the diagnosis of breast cancer necessitates the integrated use of multiple diagnostic modalities to enhance diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity. In clinical practice, physicians select appropriate testing methods for breast cancer screening and diagnosis based on patient age, medical history, and physical examination findings. Patients should actively collaborate with their physicians and provide accurate medical history information during breast cancer examinations to facilitate correct diagnosis and treatment planning.