extranodal extension breast cancer prognosis

Release time ：Dec-19,2024

Extranodal Extension (ENE) in breast cancer refers to the spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to surrounding tissues and organs. Patients with ENE generally have a poorer prognosis than those without it. The severity of the prognosis is influenced by several factors, including the patient's age, tumor type and grade, hormone receptor status, HER2 status, extent of lymph node involvement, and presence of distant metastasis.

Older patients may have a weaker immune system, potentially impacting their response to treatment. The type and grade of the tumor are also significant for prognosis. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and HER2-positive breast cancer tend to have a worse prognosis compared to hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. High-grade tumors, characterized by active cell division and abnormal morphology, usually indicate a poorer prognosis. Hormone receptor status plays a crucial role in prognosis; hormone receptor-positive breast cancer can be managed with endocrine therapy, while hormone receptor-negative tumors do not benefit from this approach. HER2 status is another critical factor; HER2-positive breast cancer can be treated with HER2-targeted therapies like trastuzumab (Herceptin), which can improve survival rates. Without HER2-directed treatment, the prognosis for these cancers is typically poor. The number and extent of involved lymph nodes are also key prognostic indicators; more lymph node involvement increases the risk of cancer spread and generally leads to a worse prognosis. If breast cancer has metastasized to distant sites, such as bones, liver, or lungs, the prognosis is usually very poor.

For patients with ENE in breast cancer, maintaining healthy lifestyle habits, such as quitting smoking, limiting alcohol, eating a balanced diet, and engaging in moderate exercise, is crucial for boosting immune function. Regular monitoring of the disease and follow-up tests are essential for timely adjustments to treatment plans. Adherence to prescribed medication regimens is vital; self-adjustment of medication doses or discontinuation can compromise treatment efficacy. Any questions or discomfort should be promptly addressed with medical professionals.